» » The Mask of Colonizer Country at Papua
Sunday, June 8, 2014

10:47 PM


Argumentative Essay

Written by Muhammad Saefullah

INTRODUCTION
This paper argues that Papua should remain to NKRI because of two reasons; history and politic. Retrieved May 20, 2014 from Carapedia Web site: http://carapedia.com/pengertian_definisi_sejarah_menurut_para_ahli_info231.html "history is a continuous process of interaction between the historian and his facts, and unending dialogue between the present and the past" Carr (1982: 30). In different source also describes the circumstances of politics, Retrieved May 20, 2014 from Yahoo Web site: https://id.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090507025317AA2GSLM about Politic, one of which according to Karl W. Duetch. In his book politics and government, He defines that the political is the making of decision by public means.
Agreement "New York" to Indonesia in 1967 has initiated the expansion of European countries including the United States alone to divide the archipelago. Various maneuvers have been designed beautifully by four countries, namely the UK, Australia, the Netherlands, and the United States to launch his mission. Scenarios are launched not messing around, target shooting in 1998 is to break down into eight sections including the Indonesian region of Papua. Human rights violations are becoming "Selling Politics" American're ready to internationalize the issue, so Indonesia will have been marginalized and eventually remove the Papua region.
The Office of Free Papua Movement (OPM) has stood firm in the four countries which implies full support for Papuan independence. On 28 April 2013 OPM representative offices in Oxford (UK) officially opened, the inauguration was attended by the Mayor of Oxford Mohammed Niaz Abbasi, British MP Andrew Smith, and former Mayor of Oxford Elise Benjamin. Unmitigated, America and even in mid-2000 with the U.S. House of Representatives of the draft agenda Foreign Relations Authorization Act (FRAA), which contains a specific reference on Papua. If the design is successful, America will conduct land estine intelligence operations and take advantage of the underground network that has been trained by the CIA and intelligence agencies state department, not through military invasion as did George W. Bush in Iraq and Afghanistan.
Retrieved April 05, 2014 from http://tatoarai.blogspot.com/2013/12/as-dan-australia-aktor-di-balik-papua.html about behind the Papua, Professor Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Noam Chomsky said assesses the United States and Australia is behind the West Papua. He said the two countries were doing great scandal Papua issue, even other Western countries also engaged in a massive scandal. America and Australia as the main actor behind the scandal of West Papua, Indonesia is simply a state supported by the United States to run the scandal, the same thing also happened in the case of East Timor that "played" by the Australian, do not rule out the possibility of Papua became the next target of cruelty State Super Power to rule the world. There are five impacts to Indonesia if West Papua liberated.

Free West Papua, Woe Indonesia
First, Indonesia history will be defects. Dated 1 May to 19 June 1945 started the turmoil in Hindia Belanda (Indonesia), especially in Papua. War called "Operation Obo One" Tarakan Island is the first stage in the Borneo campaign of 1945, the parties involved in this war are Australia, United States, Netherlands, and Japan. The purpose of another is not a colonial state to control natural resources, which in 1941 Tarakan producing 80,000 barrels of oil per month. The end of the war was won by the Allies.
After the tragedy, Hindia Belanda Committed to unite territory in the form of Homeland led by President Soekarno on August 17, 1945. However, this independence does not mean free of problems, especially Indonesian Papua, in 1961 the Netherlands started the conflict by forcing Indonesia to immediately Papua release. Sukarno did not remain silent, the movement to reclaim Papua embodied in operation TRIKORA (Tri Komando Rakyat) on December 19, 1961 are housed in the North Square of Yogyakarta.
Coincidently, chaotic conditions that gave rise to the Papuan separatist movement embodied in the Free Papua Movement emerged in 1961. Initially, OPM is demanding justice over Papua systematically destroyed. On behalf of the integrity of the Republic, killings, disappearances, and rape against Papuans legalized. They consider any Papuans who have critical thinking and action is always labeled as separatists manifested in and through the presence of military forces that cannot be dammed. This situation is exploited by European countries to internationalize the Papua case, this often proves OPM held a campaign in a number of countries such as the Netherlands and Australia. In fact, a number of shootings and other violence in Papua is also thought to be one of the strategies OPM to seek attention from other countries. So start paying attention to the condition of the people of Papua is considered marginalized and started giving sympathy to the OPM.
TRIKORA arise because of the disappointment from the Indonesian side, they always fail in negotiations with the Dutch to return West Papua unilaterally claimed as a province of the kingdom of the Netherlands, while the contents of the Triple Command is abort Country Dolls made ​​in the Netherlands, prepared for a general mobilization, and hoist flag throughout Papua. The problem was not finished, on August 15, 1962 America came through Elsworth Bunker to bring the New York Agreement is argued to resolve the conflict, but tucked specific intent to Papua.
New York agreement has a content that is subject to the submission of the UN territory of West Papua (UNTEA) for later handed over to the Indonesian government, which previously had held the Act (Act of). On August 18, 1962 President Soekarno to withdraw all troops in Papua to honor the agreement. On the sidelines of this conflict, Indonesia in 1967, unfortunately even provide contract mining copper and gold in Papua for 30 years to the Americans. Shortly afterwards, the political turmoil in the country in line with the wishes of the United States, Soeharto was featured as the next generation of leaders of Indonesia and directly issued Law No. 1 of 1967 on foreign investment for economic growth. On April 7, 1967, Freeport finally has the exclusive contract coal mining work area of ​​10 thousand hectares around Mount Eistberg and Grasberg for 30 years with the extensibility of at least 2 times 10 years. In the Act of 1969 was held which contains the remains of Papua within Indonesia or independence from Indonesia. Finally, through the opinion of the Papuan people choose to remain with Indonesia.

Freeport and British Petroleum: The Glorious Zenith of MNC
            Various foreign companies thrive in the area of Papua, was recorded through 2002 there are 150 operating companies. The company is engaged in all aspects of life, HPH, IPK, ISL, farm, marine, and mining. There are 42 foreign companies or Multinational Corporation (MNC) both engaged in forestry, marine and mining. All of the MNC, there are two giant companies namely PT. Freeport in Mimika and British Petroleum in the Bintuni Bay, Manokwari. Acreage for the entire MNC in Papua approximately 11.45 million ha. MNC companies’ shareholders include BP-UK, United States, MI Berauw BV, Nippon Oil, Kanematsu, British Gas, Nisho Iwai, Rio Tinto, Freeport Mc. Moran, Exxon Mobil Oil, Freeport Indonesia, and the Indonesian government and a number of government foreign countries like UK, USA, China, Korea, Japan, and Australia.
Freeport Company arise because of the Fobes Wilson of the United States, he found the data on the presence of copper in Papua in 1960. Freeport obtain exclusive rights on April 7, 1967 to explore the land of Papua for 30 years and was extended for 30 years both in 1996, Freeport's net profit could reach 463 million U.S. dollars annually.
British Petroleum (BP) is a new giant in Papua. BP company is the largest MNC company in Papua after Freeport, the company has dominate land area of ​​3,416 hectares to produce oil and gas in Bintuni bay with a volume reserves of 14.4 TCF (Trillion Cubic Feet) to Papua to embed stock. The company is engaged in the Liquefied Natural Gas project in Tangguh area.
Unconsciously, these two major companies have scorched earth Papua. Amungme, Nduga, Damal, Dani, Moni, Mee, and Kamoro victim, until now the conflict in Papua is very broad dimensions such as economic, social, cultural, legal, labor, agrarian, and politics. The conflict is not because America supported OPM and the TNI slandered Indonesian security forces who engineered the violence. Mohammad Sadly, one of Suharto's cabinet member mentioned that through the signing of an agreement with Freeport, Jakarta expects to obtain military and economic support, as well as the warranty policy of ruling the largest and strongest economy in the world, namely the United States. The political economy of the new order is an important factor triggering giving way to Freeport to operate in West Papua. According to Eben Kirksey, this case hastily closed as soon as possible because the U.S. government wanted to cooperate with Indonesia in the fields of military, after a halt after the referendum in East Timor in 1999.
 
Free West Papua, Colonizer Country Success in Politic
Second, if the separation of Papua, Indonesia will be divided. In balkanization scenario there will be some separate State of the Republic and Indonesia are no plans to put the model about to be split Polynesia (Island States) in the Pacific Ocean, so the scrolling issue began circulating Country East Kingdom in East Nusa Tenggara Province. Indonesia also will be split into three state classification based on strong economic province with the details:
1.      Aceh, Riau and United Borneo (Kalimantan).
2.      Center kind of world travel and the arts of Bali, Flores, Maluku and Manado.
3.      Javanese, Sudanese and the Special Region of Jakarta.
Rand Corporation even recommends divided by eight Indonesian regions where one short-term priority is to liberate Papua. This recommendation is clearly not messing around, this is the fact that the Rand Corporation is a research and development agency located in the United States that is known to serve the academic interests of the Department of Defense (Pentagon) and the financial support of the Pentagon as well.
Third, the range of the existing unrest in Papua else is one way European countries to attract the attention of the world. Proved the Democratic Party in America has helped OPM movement towards the independence of Papua since 2000. As is known by the public, which is headed by Democrat Barrack Obama is promoting the enforcement of human rights that are not directly in line with the case that there are human rights violations in Papua. In the theory of intelligence operations, a series of riots sparked by OPM to provoke military and police no other purpose to create an atmosphere of chaos and open the increasing polarization between the army and OPM - Police are imaged as freedom fighters. OPM seems to want to portray Obama as political entities that still exist in Papua with a series of riots sparked by OPM in 2009, with so Indonesia will be tried in the international and Papua loose. This scenario has been done before by Bill Clinton when supporting Kosovo independence movement separated from Serbia.
The last, America will be free to bombard the dredge Papua depleted natural resources. With the release of Papua, Americans can access directly to the elite of the area without having to deal with the government in Jakarta. The impetus for the area apparently did not acquire a monopoly of the Bush presidency, Obama was essentially the same purpose, though with different methods.

CONCLUSION
Thus, it can be concluded that the Papuans of Homeland maintain a fixed price that cannot be compromised. Various problems will only come after Papua greater independence, neighboring countries are ready eyeing natural resources running out with its flagship maneuvers. One solution that can be taken by the government of Indonesia to resolve the ongoing conflict is the central government immediately implement a dialogue with the Papuan people to solve the problems in Papua is dignified, fair and humane mediated more neutral third parties. That way, the people of Papua will be considered and the degree of dignity, and of course no voices referendum supported by the four European countries. The government also had to straighten Papuan history in Indonesia by writing dissertations, theses, and papers in journals because researchers Indonesia tend to be a spectator or study after getting results of the study published by researchers abroad.

REFERENCES

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