Should West Papua Separate from
Indonesia
West Papua is a
province of Indonesia located in the western part of New Guinea. This province
includes the bird's head region of the island of Papua and the islands around
it. In the north, the province is bordered by the Pacific Ocean, the
western is bordered with the province of North Maluku and Maluku province, the eastern
is bounded by the Gulf of Paradise, south of the Seram Sea and southeast
borders the province of Papua. [1]
Nowadays, West Papua wants to become independent from Indonesia, however there
are some Papuan do not want to be Independent from Indonesia, this is like stated
by the Governor of Papua Luke Enembe and West Papua Governor Abraham Octavianus
Atururi that Papuan community committed
to remain with the Homeland and do not want to separate.[2] So, should West
Papua to be independent or not? It will be known in the conclusion of this
essay. In fact, there are several cases that cause many conflicts in this
province. With this reasons, Papuan want to separate from Indonesia.
There are four mayor
things that West Papua want to be independent, those are:
First, Problems of
Papua within the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (Republic of
Indonesia) have occurred since the beginning of the integration of Papua into
the Republic of Indonesia. Forced integration process through referendum
(PEPERA) in 1969 is not really fair because it involves only 1,045
people. So, referendum is not included by all Papuans. In fact the
irony, almost all participants PEPERA are conditioned to choose to join the
Homeland.[3]
Second, after the
problem of integration, the next phase is military and intelligence operations
to destroy the Papuans who has another ideology. Community groups are
trying to voice for justice in the land of Papua systematically
destroyed. On behalf of the integrity of the Republic, murder,
disappearances and rape against the people of Papua are legalized.[4]
Third, the next
phase is the exploitation of natural resources and transmigration. Natural
resources, especially forest products, marine products, mining and petroleum
are dredged. At the same time, for reasons of equity residents, thousands
of people were brought to Papua through transmigration. Exploitation of
natural resources in Papua continues, while humans Papua neglected even
forgotten. As a result, after 43 years (1969-2012) of Papua human remains
underdeveloped. Even the residents and those who dwell in the land of Papua are
listed as the poorest man in Indonesia. The irony is not acceptable to
common sense, because Papua is famous as the richest islands in Indonesia, even
in the entire universe, but the populations live in poverty. [5]
Fourth, the next
phase is the failure of special autonomy, especially in the field of
development of economic welfare, health and education. This has been said by
Vice Chairman of Commission I, Tubagus Hasanuddin. [6]
Since Papua join the
Republic of Indonesia, May 1, 1963, the government has issued a number of
policies to resolve the conflict in Papua. During the New Order, the
government attempted to resolve the Papua conflict through security approach by
promoting military and weapons. Entering Reform Order, the government
prioritizes the welfare approach. Subsequently, the government issued a
special autonomy (SAF) in response to the demands of the Papuan
independence.
While recognizing the positive impact which experienced by people of Papua, these policies are not successfully completed to reduce the conflicts in Papua. It is proven by Papua conflict which is still simmering and continued to claim lives, both civilians and military personnel and police. The victims will be probably continued to fall and grow. The question that should be asked is once the government has been promoting the welfare approach, giving special autonomy status, pouring trillions of dollars, divide Papua into two provinces, double the number of districts, and accelerate the development, why all these policies have not successfully completed the Papua conflict?[7]
While recognizing the positive impact which experienced by people of Papua, these policies are not successfully completed to reduce the conflicts in Papua. It is proven by Papua conflict which is still simmering and continued to claim lives, both civilians and military personnel and police. The victims will be probably continued to fall and grow. The question that should be asked is once the government has been promoting the welfare approach, giving special autonomy status, pouring trillions of dollars, divide Papua into two provinces, double the number of districts, and accelerate the development, why all these policies have not successfully completed the Papua conflict?[7]
From several
policies that the government of Indonesia gives to the Papuan, they have not
changed them anymore in the development of economic welfare, health, and
education. According to Sinar Harapan there is a proper solution which
capable to reduce the conflict in Papua, that is by comprehensive solution. [8]In
particular, the government should not be afraid involving Papuans who joined
the Free Papua Movement (OPM). Be aware that no matter how good government
policy can not resolve the Papua conflict if not consult with OPM. OPM
consists of three groups, namely first is the Papuans who fight in cities and
villages, second is they are guerrilla in the jungle by the name of West Papua
National Liberation Army (TPN PB), and third is the Papuan people who live
abroad. All three of these groups should be involved in the discussion of
all comprehensive solution.
Government needs to encourage them to meet, discuss, and formulate collective views of a comprehensive policy for the resolution of the Papua conflict. Thus, the comprehensive solution for Papua is searched and determined collectively, and acceptable to all stakeholders, including the OPM.
Government needs to encourage them to meet, discuss, and formulate collective views of a comprehensive policy for the resolution of the Papua conflict. Thus, the comprehensive solution for Papua is searched and determined collectively, and acceptable to all stakeholders, including the OPM.
In additionally, the
conflicts that are always happened in West Papua actually on the basis of the
intervention of America people. A source in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
reveals the intense efforts of some members of the U.S. Congress from the
Democratic Party to the Free Papua Movement (OPM) to assist the process towards
independence Papua gradually. Truly, Papua is the next target for America to be
vanquished and dominated after Libya and the Middle East. This has been
revealed by military analysts Connie Rahakundini Bakrie that the scenario of
U.S. attacked Libyan and the Middle East has been designed from the
first. Because all of these countries have a large petroleum resources,
even Connie adds that the next U.S. target is Papua! Connie releases the
statement on AFP Saturday 26/3 2011 is not without basis. The news of
Papua became the next target of the U.S. have been circulating in intelligence
circles. [9]
In Conclusion, by
looking at the current state of Papua, Papuan independence will not guarantee
that Papua will develop better than it is now, and there is no guarantee that
leaders will have the vision to power the Papuan people's welfare. The
governments of Indonesia can find the reasons for demanding the independence of
Papua and on the other hand, we also have reasons to keep Papua as part of the
Homeland. Hopefully the readers can weigh themselves on both sides of
this, and judge from the high price of an independence from both of Papua and
Indonesia’s standpoint. But regardless of the valuation readers, it is a
good opinion that the Indonesian government needs to straighten out
irregularities that occurred in the history of the integration of Papua into
the Republic of Indonesia.
[1] http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papua_Barat
[6]
http://EmpatHalPenyebabKonflikBerlarutdiPapuaTribunnews.com.htm
[7]
http://MencariSolusiuntukKonflikPapua.htm
[8]
http://MencariSolusiuntukKonflikPapua.htm
[9]
http://indocropcircles.wordpress.com/2012/06/11/setelah-libya-target-as-selanjutnya-adalah-papua.htm
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